Pajamas Media » Whose Sovereignty Is Obama Respecting?

 

Whose Sovereignty Is Obama Respecting?
Obama's policy on Iran and Honduras is to respect the sovereignty of the dictator, not the people. (This is part four of a series. Read parts one, two, and three)

August 19, 2009 - by Oleg Atbashian
Page 1 of 2  In his speech to graduate students in Moscow, Obama opined:

State sovereignty must be a cornerstone of international order. … States must have the right to borders that are secure, to their own foreign policies.

This sounds very statesmanlike, except that without defining the true meaning of sovereignty it becomes an empty word and a pawn in the games of political demagogues — especially when no distinction is made between a democratic state and a tyranny.

In theory, Obama’s position amounts to moral equivalency between a democracy and an autocratic rogue state. In practice, it gives the roguish Iranian regime added legitimacy and protection, while leaving the democratic Honduras exposed to threats from Ortega and Chavez, aggravated by diplomatic pressure from the United States, the United Nations, the European Union, and the 35-member Organization of American States.

The idea of unconditional sovereignty is, in fact, a clever ploy used time and again during the Cold War to advance leftist dictatorships and undermine free democracies. The trick is simple — it takes advantage of the decency of those who honestly abide by international law, preventing them from interfering in the affairs of tyrants who abide by nothing except the expansion of their ill-gained power.

While free democracies invest mostly in the creation of goods and services, tyrants invest their nation’s capital in the creation and dissemination of propaganda. It pays off handsomely in the form of moral support from the brainwashed “global community” when a tyrannical regime takes over another country allegedly “to advance progress in the interests of all people.”

On the eve of every major state holiday, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) used to publish a list of up to a hundred official talking points that covered all aspects of its domestic and foreign agendas. Printed in the form of slogans on the front pages of Pravda and local newspapers, they were meant to be enthusiastically announced on the radio, amplified during the state-sponsored “spontaneous” demonstrations, written on propagandistic posters, and memorized by schoolchildren and college students.

Endlessly rewritten and reshuffled to reflect the “current truth” about the ever changing party line, these talking points were always consistent with one and the same Orwellian template. The socialist USSR and its allies were the forces for peace and progress, while any resistance to their military operations, especially coming from the capitalist U.S.A. and its allies, represented “imperialism, reaction and war.”

Below are a few excerpts of such slogans prepared for the 60th anniversary of the “Great October Socialist Revolution.” They concern international relations and are addressed to the “people of the world.” Compare them to the essence of Obama’s statements:

Peoples of the world! Strengthen the efforts in the struggle for the complete liquidation of the results of Israeli aggression, for the establishment of just peace for all the governments and peoples of the Middle East, against imperialist interference in the internal affairs of Arab nations!

Peoples of the world! Struggle for the deepening of the lessening of international tension, for its expansion to all continents! Expose the efforts of the forces of aggression, revanchism, and reaction — enemies of peace and the peoples’ defense!

Peoples of the world! Strive so that the unacceptability of the use of force becomes the law in international relations and nuclear weapons are forever banned! Strengthen the struggle to end the arms race and to achieve universal and complete disarmament!

Long live the Leninist foreign policy of the Soviet Union — the policy of peace and friendship of peoples, the unity of all forces struggling against imperialism, reaction and war!

Anyone familiar with the Soviet propaganda methods knew that the same “peoples of the world” would be in big trouble should their governments take these Byzantine formulations at face value. But President Obama seems to believe the template enough to reiterate its points in Moscow — of all places!

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Anti-American Amigos

Hugo Chávez took a break last week from lobbying Washington on behalf of deposed Honduran President Manuel Zelaya to travel to Quito, Ecuador, for a meeting of South American heads of state.There he launched a virulent assault on the U.S. military, reiterated his commitment to spreading revolution in the region, and threatened the continent with war. Mr. Zelaya was by his side.

The Venezuelan's tirade against the U.S. and its ally Colombia raised the question yet again of what the U.S. could possibly be thinking in pushing Honduras to reinstate Mr. Zelaya. He was removed from office by the Honduran Congress in June because he violated the country's constitution and willfully incited mob violence.

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But that's not the only thing that made him unpopular at home. He also had become an important ally of Mr. Chávez and was quite obviously being coached to copy the Chávez power grab in Venezuela by undermining Honduras's institutional checks and balances. If Honduras has been able to neutralize Mr. Chávez, it's something to celebrate. A Chávez-style takeover of institutions in Bolivia, Ecuador and Nicaragua has quashed political pluralism, free speech and minority rights in those countries. There is now a heavy presence of Cuban state intelligence throughout the Venezuelan empire. Mr. Zelaya literally has become a fellow traveler of Mr. Chávez, leaving no doubts about the course he would put Honduras on if given the chance.

Among the theories making the rounds about Mr. Obama's motivations in trying to force Honduras to take Mr. Zelaya back, there is the hypothesis that this administration is tacking hard to the left. Mr. Obama has expressed the same views on Honduras as Sen. John Kerry (D., Mass.), who holds that the interim government must be forced to reinstate Mr. Zelaya and who has, over more than two decades in office, consistently allied himself with socialist causes in Latin America.

 

The Americas in the News

As a U.S. senator, Mr. Kerry has the luxury of treating Latin America like his playground, as Democrats have done for decades, foisting on it ideas that Americans reject. Venezuelans still recall how Connecticut's Chris Dodd played the role of chief Chávez cheerleader in the Senate while the strongman was consolidating power.

But Mr. Obama is the president and commander in chief, and millions of people in this hemisphere are counting on the U.S. to stand up to Venezuelan aggression. Playing footsie under the table with Mr. Chávez on Honduras while the Venezuelan is threatening the peace isn't going to fly in a hemisphere that prefers liberty over tyranny.

Both Colombian and U.S. officials allege that the Venezuelan National Guard and high-ranking members of Mr. Chávez's government are in cahoots with criminal enterprises that run drugs in South America. The evidence suggests an alliance between the terrorist Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC)—the largest exporter of cocaine from that country—and members of Mr. Chávez's cabinet. There is also evidence in documents and video captured from the FARC that the rebels have influence at high levels of the Ecuadoran government.

The cocaine business is a big revenue raiser for the terrorist organization and for its business partners on the continent. This is why Colombian President Alvaro Uribe has agreed to allow U.S. drug-surveillance planes to use Colombian military bases.

In Quito, Mr. Chávez flew into a rage about that agreement. "The U.S. is the most warlike government in the world," he told his South American peers and Mr. Zelaya. "The Yankee military pays no mind to its president," he said, artfully exempting Barack Obama from blame. "In Colombia [the U.S. military] has immunity. They can rape women, they can kill and they can destroy in every direction. You can't do anything to them. It's horrible."

The military-bases agreement is far more limited than what Mr. Chávez claimed, but he wasn't about to miss an opportunity to ratchet up the tension. "The winds of war are starting to blow," he warned.

His counterparts didn't buy it. Colombia was not condemned in Quito, largely because key members of the group didn't want their own sovereign decisions subject to continental review. But Mr. Chávez is not going away. He has pledged to continue with efforts to destabilize surviving democracies.

Honduras remains a target. Argentina is also in his sights. In an interview with the Argentine daily La Nación, he spoke of his alliance with Argentina's President Cristina Kirchner. "We are going to work to reinforce the Caracas-Buenos Aires axis, which is a central axis," Mr. Chávez said. "Like the Caracas-Quito axis, the Caracas-Buenos Aires axis is fundamental for the integration."

The U.S. war on drugs has been a colossal failure because of the large cocaine market in the U.S. The tragedy—beyond the violence it creates—is that criminal enterprises, flourishing because of U.S. customers, wreak havoc on frail institutions. That's bad enough. But the Obama administration pours salt in that gaping wound by refusing to support the U.S.-Colombia Free Trade Agreement our ally has asked for, and now by backing Mr. Chávez's Honduran pawn.

Write to O'Grady@wsj.com

 

 

 

Zelayistas provoke chaos in Tegucigalpa

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The curfew has been reinstated in Tegucigalpa, of course. The hours of curfew are from 10:00 p.m. until 5:00 a.m. in order to protect the tranquility, life, and property of citizens.

How nice. The Zelayistas were led by former first lady Xiomara Castro and her daughter Hortensia. If they aren't speaking out as leaders strongly against this senseless violence and vandalism, we have to assume that they approve of it.

The first lady has stayed in the US Ambassador's house. Members of the violent Frente Nacional de Resistencia group met with the US Ambassador Hugo Llorens over the weekend, though reportedly the Ambassador will not meet with members of the government.

A El Heraldo employee was pulled off his motorcycle, beaten, and his face was painted with "golpista" (coupster).

So, once again, I have to ask: Are these criminals the ones that Honduras should bend to? Are these poor misunderstood delinquents the ones who the human rights people should be worried about or all of the poor people who just want to go about their life, earning a living, going to school, without worrying about being attacked or having their means of earning a living destroyed.

Open your eyes, world. Honduras is being held hostage by terrorists.

IBDeditorials.com: Editorials, Political Cartoons, and Polls from Investor's Business Daily -- Honduras Has Won

Honduras Has Won

By INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY | Posted Friday, August 07, 2009 4:20 PM PT

Diplomacy: In a quiet victory for a tiny democracy, U.S. buttinskies have stopped trying to restore a dictator to power in South America. Tiny Honduras is winning its fight for freedom.


Read More: Latin America & Caribbean


In a welcome about-face, the State Department told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee's Richard Lugar, R-Ind., in a letter Tuesday that the U.S. would no longer threaten sanctions on Honduras for ousting its president, Mel Zelaya, last June 28.

Nor will it insist on Zelaya's return to power. As it turns out, the U.S. Senate can't find any legal reason why the Honduran Supreme Court's refusal to let Zelaya stay in office beyond the time allowed by Honduran law constitutes a "military coup."

This marks a shift. The U.S. at first supported Zelaya, a man who had been elected democratically but didn't govern that way. Now they're reaching out to average Hondurans, the real democrats.

Sure, the U.S. continues to condemn Zelaya's ouster and still seeks mediation of the dispute through Costa Rican President Oscar Arias. But no U.S. sanctions means Hondurans have won.

Things could have worked out differently. Venezuela's Hugo Chavez first called for invading Honduras. That threat passed as it became clear Chavez couldn't project his power there.

Next, civil unrest was threatened by Zelaya. But Hondurans astounded the world by standing by their Congress, Supreme Court, attorney general, businesses and the church, all of which declared that Zelaya had violated the constitution and had to go.

Zelaya might have regained power, but only by becoming a dictator and ending Honduras' democracy. The people ended that.

The scariest outcome for Honduras was U.S. sanctions. They would have crushed the tiny country dependent on the U.S. for 80% of its trade. No sanctions, no Zelaya.

This isn't to say U.S. policymakers are happy or that the dispute is over. Honduras is still suspended from the Organization of American States, its trade has been disrupted, Venezuela's oil is still cut off, and its officials still can't get U.S. visas. But the worst is over. Whatever changes that come will be by Honduran consent alone.

The U.S. still supports Arias' mediation, and if that helps, good.

By ending the threats, talks can begin. Constructive solutions, like early elections or persuading Honduras' congress to add an impeachment law to its constitution, can now be put on the table.

The reality is, the Hondurans shouldn't be on the spot at all. What happened wasn't a coup; it was a good-faith effort by decent people to fix a difficult situation that threatened their democracy.

This, by the way, also opens the door to a return of democracy in troubled nations like Ecuador, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Cuba and Venezuela. People in those nations can take courage from Honduras.

The U.S. was smart to take the side of freedom. The Hondurans, however, were right all along. After all, it's their democracy. And now they've won it back.

“Chavez aspira a crear una guerra” - por Carlos Salinas Maldonado

Honduras: Felix Maradiaga afirma: “Chavez aspira a crear una guerra” - por Carlos Salinas Maldonado

En palabras de Félix Maradiaga (Matagalpa, 1976) al presidente de Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, le pican las manos por lanzarse a un proyecto bélico que dé legitimidad a la figura de revolucionario que él mismo trata de vender. Y encontró en la crisis hondureña el escenario perfecto para, al menos, ensayar esa posibilidad.

Para Maradiaga, tanto a Chávez como a su socio Daniel Ortega, no les interesa una salida negociada a la crisis, ya sea a través de la OEA o aceptando el Acuerdo de San José, auspiciado por el presidente de Costa Rica, Oscar Arias, “porque implicaría que esa OEA tan criticada por Chávez y por Ortega, sigue siendo un organismo funcional”. ¿Qué esperan entonces los socios del ALBA? “Decir que la OEA no logró restituir a Zelaya y por tanto abre las puertas a que sean otras entidades las que logren la recuperación”.

Y es ahí donde Chávez intentaría probar su poder. Para eso cuenta con el perfecto conejillo de indias: Manuel Zelaya, un tipo “radical” que actúa más bajo “presión de sus patrocinadores que por determinación propia”. Zelaya, atrincherado en la frontera y organizando sus grupos de “milicianos”, parece estar más interesado en agravar la crisis que en buscar una solución pacífica. “Manuel Zelaya no es una víctima, es un provocador”, dice en esta entrevista Maradiaga, catedrático de temas internacionales, con maestría en la Universidad de Harvard, recientemente becado por la Universidad de Yale y premiado por el Foro Económico Mundial.


::: Hay dos grupos muy bien atrincherados en sus posiciones sobre la crisis de Honduras: el Gobierno de facto que habla de una sucesión constitucional y el presidente depuesto, Manuel Zelaya, que habla de golpe de Estado, ¿cuál de las dos partes tiene la razón?

A mi criterio, la toma del poder de un modo repentino y violento es un golpe de Estado. Un politólogo muy conocido, que es la principal referencia teórica sobre el tema, Samuel Finer, que tiene un libro que se llama “The Men on the Horseback”, dice que los golpes de Estado están caracterizados por la presión que los militares ejerzan sobre las autoridades políticas para que las autoridades políticas asuman el poder. En este caso fueron los estamentos políticos los que tomaron la decisión de deponer al presidente Zelaya y los militares son únicamente los ejecutores de una decisión que se tomó en el estamento político. Esa decisión fue ejecutada de una forma torpe: no es necesario teorizar para concluir que agarrar a un presidente en medio de la noche, llevarlo en pijama a otro país, es un atropello no sólo a las leyes, sino al sentido común.

Sin lugar a dudas, Zelaya no es una víctima, es un provocador. Hay claramente documentados casos que muestran que desde mayo se empieza a dar una batalla jurídica por frenar el proceso de la “cuarta urna”. Si asumimos como legítima esa cronología de las acciones de la Corte Suprema, el presidente Zelaya tuvo suficientes oportunidades para acatar las órdenes del Tribunal Supremo y evitar llegar a esa ruptura.

::: Pero una vez ejecutado el golpe, el Congreso destituyó a Zelaya. ¿Esto no pudo hacerse antes? ¿No cree que existían otras vías más que el golpe?

Sí había posibilidades de mediar, y aquí entra la parte más sospechosa, la que me levanta más suspicacias y que algunas voces han comenzado a señalarlas, como Mario Vargas Llosa. Cuando uno analiza las actuaciones de Zelaya en frío, te levantan sospechas de si realmente esto fue un acto provocado bajo la asesoría, posiblemente, del presidente Hugo Chávez.

::: ¿Habla de un autogolpe?

Sería demasiado arriesgado especular que Zelaya conscientemente provocó su salida, creo que él nunca calculó que podría llegar a este punto. Lo que sí creo que queda claro cuando uno hace un análisis frío de la situación, es que Zelaya estaba consciente de su bajísima popularidad, de las probabilidades muy bajas del éxito del proceso de la “cuarta urna” y de la posición de las Fuerzas Armadas, que en ningún momento acataron el proceso y expresaron claramente su rechazo a éste. En ciencia política siempre hay una premisa, y es que en toda acción política hay un incentivo, de lo contrario serían acciones irracionales que están fuera de la política. Entonces, ¿cuál es la razón de Zeyala para presionar a esos niveles? Yo creo que sus cálculos políticos eran elevar la temperatura del conflicto en Honduras para justificar la intervención política, muchísimo más agresiva, del ALBA; o para justificar algunas acciones de reformas aceleradas del sistema político hondureño, al estilo del modelo bolivariano. Zelaya nunca pensó que se le iba a salir de las manos. Yo creo que ésta es una crisis provocada indudablemente por Zelaya.

::: Pero Honduras ya era un país que formaba parte de esa iniciativa impulsada por Chávez.

La adhesión al ALBA es una adhesión formal a un convenio de cooperación. Ser parte del ALBA no se traduce automáticamente en una reforma al sistema político. Ante todo, el ALBA es un sistema de cooperación -o por lo menos así lo quieren presentar- cuyo propósito es dar una alternativa de intercambio, en el marco de la capacidad petrolera venezolana, a los modelos de cooperación tradicionales, sobre todo de los tratados de libre comercio. El hecho de que te suscribás al ALBA no implica que tenés ganada la campaña política de sustituir un sistema tradicional presidencialista por un sistema hiper-presidencial bajo el modelo bolivariano. Me refiero a una excesiva acumulación de poder en la Presidencia de la República, excesivo control de la Presidencia sobre la sociedad, bajo un modelo claramente identificado como el Socialismo del Siglo XXI, que a mi criterio muy poco tiene que ver con socialismo; y una alianza político-estratégica coordinada por Venezuela. Cuando digo político-estratégica implica también una dimensión en el ámbito militar, y aquí entramos a la discusión de fondo, que es que en Honduras, más que en cualquier parte del ALBA, las Fuerzas Armadas nunca se prestaron a esa colaboración. La salida de Zelaya podía ser, como yo lo veo, una forma de generar presión para sustituir mandos militares más conservadores bajo la aspiración de que podía colocar militares de su confianza y acelerar el proceso de colaboración. Naturalmente nunca esperó el respaldo unánime del Tribunal Supremo y del Congreso a la autoridad del general Romero Vásquez como Jefe de las Fuerzas Armadas.

::: ¿Entonces se puede interpretar la crisis de Honduras como una derrota del chavismo en la región?

Fue una victoria pírrica de la derecha, porque el proceso se le escapa de las manos y convierten a un presidente con bajísima popularidad, con un respaldo popular casi invisible, en una víctima. Vimos la respuesta desmesurada de la OEA, en el sentido de que con muy buena intensión de condenar desde el principio un golpe de Estado, no da la oportunidad de escuchar la otra versión y expulsa de inmediato a Honduras. Es una victoria pírrica porque si bien se da una expulsión física del presidente Zelaya, generaron una plataforma política para él, y estoy seguro que eso es lo último que querían las fuerzas opositoras al Gobierno de Zelaya.

::: ¿Una plataforma política para qué?

Cuando uno pone la BBC, CNN, Univisión, encontrás a Zelaya insistiendo en que las fuerzas conservadores en Honduras son irrespetuosas de la democracia, creando la percepción de que tenés en Honduras una derecha recalcitrante, ortodoxa, que cree todavía en los golpes de Estado. No creo que sea así. Creo que se ha satanizado al estamento político hondureño antizelayista, pero lamentablemente ésa es la consecuencia de un acto mal calculado. Especulemos: si Zelaya nunca hubiera sido sacado, ¿aparacería en la BBC? ¿Cuándo viste a la BBC dedicándole tanto tiempo? ¡Es una cuestión impresionante! Una plataforma para un presidente que prácticamente era invisible.

::: ¿Eso garantizaría el regreso al poder de un Zelaya más fortalecido?

No, lo dudo. Un retorno de Zelaya está dentro de la gama de probabilidades, aunque con una probabilidad bajísima, casi nula. Un retorno con mayor fuerza lo veo imposible, por algunas razones: la baja popularidad de Zelaya, está también su búsqueda de reingreso a Honduras, que ha sido de unas formas que lo han dejado en ridículo. Me parece a mí que dentro de la ideología de la izquierda latinoamericana, la actitud de Zelaya frente a su deposición, no es la que asociás con un transformador revolucionario. El otro hecho es que la comunidad internacional no previó la firmeza del Gobierno de facto hondureño, lo que, como pudimos ver en el Acuerdo de San José, replantea una posición frente a la situación, ya no de un retorno sin condiciones, sino un retorno condicionado.

::: ¿Qué consecuencias tiene esta crisis para la estabilidad de la región?

Creo que el caso hondureño es un campanazo de alerta para las democracias latinoamericanas. Habíamos casi descartado la posibilidad de una sustitución violenta de un presidente a través de las Fuerzas Armadas. Había una aceptación de que América Latina en su conjunto, y América Central en particular, había avanzado un peldaño en su institucionalización democrática, la consolidación a la que se refiere Samuel Huntington cuando habla de las olas de democratización. Sin embargo, este campanazo de alerta establece alarmas en varios sentidos: cuando no hay vías de escape institucional para procesos de cambio radical que quieren ser forzados aun contra la disposición de las mayorías, siempre va a existir una alternativa de reversión a esos cambios en la que no se descarta el golpe de Estado. Pero también ha quedado claramente evidenciado que la comunidad internacional no está dispuesta a aceptar sustituciones de esta vía, por mucha legitimidad de los argumentos. La sustitución de Zelaya puede ser legítima, pero no fue legal. El sistema interamericano ha tomado una posición legalista frente a esta situación, lo que invita a quienes están en los procesos de contrapeso a las actitudes expansionistas de Chávez, a repensar su estrategia.

::: ¿Este modelo del Socialismo del Siglo XXI puede ser un catalizador del descontento de ciertos sectores sociales, que puede desencadenar en más hechos de violencia?

Totalmente de acuerdo. El relativo éxito del avance del modelo chavista en algunos países de América Latina es fundamentalmente el resultado del descontento de estos sectores, porque no es un proyecto consecuente ideológicamente. El modelo chavista ideológicamente es algo que se parece más al fascismo. Te voy a dar un dato: durante todo el 2007 la cooperación venezolana fue un gran misterio. En enero de 2008 decía Ortega que eran 358 millones de dólares, hace un mes el Banco Central publica un par de páginas en las que dice que es ayuda venezolana, que en más del 90 por ciento está catalogada, por el Banco Central, como ayuda al sector privado, cuando clásicamente el modelo socialista ha hablado del fortalecimiento del Estado para que pueda responder ante las necesidades de la ciudadanía. El modelo chavista, como se ha demostrado a través del ALBA, está promoviendo la creación de estructuras privadas, como Caruna, que están generando una enorme riqueza. ¿Entonces dónde está la premisa clásica de la creación de un Estado fuerte? La propuesta bolivariana está creando un enriquecimiento extraordinario de estas llamadas organizaciones intermediarias.

::: ¿A qué viene esa comparación del modelo chavista con el fascismo?

A América Latina siempre han venido tarde todas las corrientes ideológicas, sobre todo a Centroamérica y el Caribe. Aquí vino el modelo tropicalizado del marxismo-leninismo, cuando ya era claro su fracaso en Europa. Cuando queremos clasificar el fascismo, vemos que algunos autores clásicos que se han dedicado a estudiarlo se refieren a él, y abro comillas, como una expresión de dominación política totalitaria y revolucionaria, guiada por el objeto central de subordinar y transformar la sociedad a través de la captura del Estado y el monopolio del poder desde un régimen Estado-partido, guiado por un caudillo carismático que se atribuye la virtud de interpretar casi metafísicamente las aspiraciones y voluntades del pueblo, es decir, “el pueblo soy yo”.

Dentro del concepto fascista no existe oposición, sino enemigos. El fascismo establece que hay que pactar con las fuerzas más conservadoras del país, como la Iglesia o los partidos tradicionales, pero hacerlo subordinado a ese caudillo central. El fascismo descalifica la mayoría del voto, porque esa mayoría no necesariamente encarga a una élite iluminada, al caudillo que interpreta la voluntad del pueblo. Mussolini decía que siempre que un fascista llega al poder, debe redenominar el término democracia. Desde el punto de vista filosófico-político, el fascismo no considera como legítima ninguna oposición nacional, porque toda oposición nacional es rebelión a la patria y al nacionalismo, y por tanto es delgada de fuerzas políticas extranjeras.

::: Parece una descripción de la Nicaragua actual.

Cualquier similitud es pura coincidencia. Lo que quiero demostrar es que el modelo chavista es fundamentalmente un modelo de fascismo, más que de socialismo.

::: Volvamos a Zelaya. ¿Por qué cree que Zelaya no ha entrado a Honduras?

Claramente percibió que no tenía el respaldo popular que intuía. No hay que negar que hubo bloques de las Fuerzas Armadas que evitaron presencia de ciudadanos hondureños que querían manifestarse, pero a pesar de ello, estos bloques no fueron de la magnitud que se pudo haber esperado. Lo otro lo atribuyo al temor. Me parece a mí que su lenguaje corporal indicaba claramente que no tenía la voluntad de entrar a toda consecuencia, porque si lo hubiera querido hacer, lo hace. Lo que me lleva a especular que las acciones que Zelaya está tomando en este momento, son más presión de sus patrocinadores que una determinación propia.

::: ¿Cree que no tiene interés en entrar a Honduras?

Interés sí tiene, no sé qué término puedo utilizar... lo que no tiene es...

::: ¿Agallas?

Posiblemente agallas, pero quiero ser menos brusco. Me parece que lo que no tiene es la voluntad de asumir cualquier consecuencia. Me parece a mí que sería mucho más legítimo entrar a Honduras y dejarse arrestar, elevar la temperatura y obligar a que la OEA o el Departamento de Estado tomen acciones. Zelaya argumenta que eso sería un baño de sangre y debemos darle el beneficio de la duda de que quizá tiene le legítima voluntad de evitar un baño de sangre. Pero si esa voluntad fuera cierta, no estaría en la actitud provocadora con la que lo hemos visto.

::: Zelaya habla de crear milicias para entrar a Honduras. ¿Qué consecuencias tiene esto en una zona en la que hubo enfrentamientos feroces entre la Contra y el Ejército Sandinista?

Ése es el tema de fondo de la actitud de Zelaya, que no está desprendida de la actitud de Ortega. Me parece que eso agrava la crisis y aleja la posibilidad de una salida pacífica. Zelaya, con estas acciones patrocinadas por Ortega, lo que está haciendo es alejando a las partes de una posibilidad de solución. Es una actitud provocadora, un cerillo en una zona altamente volátil, por las emociones, por las heridas abiertas que hay y por la polarización política. Me parece que cualquier actitud, sea de Ortega o de cualquier otro político nicaragüense, que no vaya en la dirección de promover una salida pacífica, crea las condiciones para algo que podemos lamentar.

::: ¿Cómo ve el manejo que el presidente Ortega ha hecho de esta crisis?

Ha sido un manejo torpe. Pero además de torpe ha sido intencionalmente agresivo. Ortega, y Chávez por extensión, lo que menos quiere es una salida pacífica a la crisis por las vías del sistema interamericano, porque implicaría que esa OEA tan criticada por Chávez y por Ortega, sigue siendo un organismo funcional. ¿Qué esperan? Decir que la OEA no logró restituir a Zelaya y por tanto abre las puertas a que sean otras entidades las que logren la recuperación.

::: ¿Habla de la posibilidad de una guerra para lograr ese fin?

Yo creo que está dentro de las aspiraciones de Chávez. Él tiene un enorme complejo: se presenta como un líder carismático revolucionario, pero nunca ha peleado una guerra exitosa. En el golpe de Estado que él dio, fue arrestado y, contrario a la mística revolucionaria, decidió no tirar un sólo tiro. Cuando a él le dieron un golpe de Estado ni siquiera intentó ser la sombra de Allende, él mismo se entregó. Chávez es un teniente coronel que en su vida ha tenido una credencial de batalla, que lo posicione como la reencarnación del Bolívar que él dice ser. Y me parece que le pican las manos por buscar una oportunidad.

::: ¿Honduras-Nicaragua son el laboratorio de Chávez para un enfrentamiento bélico patrocinado por Venezuela?

Creo que está dentro de las posibilidades. Desde el punto de vista del análisis prospectivo de conflictos, no se puede descartar. Es una probabilidad que desafortunadamente existe porque Ortega ha creado las condiciones.

::: ¿Qué soluciones hay para la crisis?

Esta crisis tiene solución en la medida que el presidente Zelaya ponga de primer lugar el interés de la nación más que su obstinado interés de querer buscar una solución en los términos que exige. No quiero insinuar que renuncie a su deseo de regresar, pero que entienda que para encontrar una salida a la crisis no puede tener un doble discurso en el que acepte entrar a una mediación y por otra parte mantiene un discurso provocador. Se está dejando llevar por los malos consejos de Chávez y Ortega, que no quieren salida institucional a la crisis. Los actores internacionales, por otro lado, deben jugar un papel distensionador. Concretamente me refiero a Ortega, Chávez y Estados Unidos. Y, finalmente, flexibilidad del sistema interamericano, en el sentido de que ha habido una sobre reacción sobre Honduras. El sistema debe entender que el Gobierno de facto, el Tribunal y el Congreso, tienen mucho que decir. Si esas características se cumplen, se abren puertas para una salida negociada.

Zelaya offends Mexican President and is Denied Ability to Comment to Press as He Leaves Mexico - Topix

Zelaya offends Mexican President and is Denied Ability to Comment to Press as He Leaves Mexico

The ex president of Honduras, Manuel Zelaya had the Mexican doors shut on him literally. In the land of the Aztecs, Zelaya, had been received with honors by President Calderon and the mayor of Mexico City. Previously he had apparently been invited by sympathizers of Obrador, ex candidate and opposition candidate that lost to Calderon. At the beginning of his speech to the Obrador audience he thanked the president for his invitation and was booed. He ammended his statement by saying in countries like this it is better to feel like you are president than to be president. Later to media he tried to deny that he supported Obrador. At the moment of his departure from Mexico territory he decided he wanted to speak to the media who were on the other side of a crystal door. When he asked security detail for President Calderon to open the door they said No so he made hand signals that he was going to exit through the principal door and to meet him there. He was also denied exit through the princial doors to the outside and was showed to his plane. Looks like he is quickly wearing out his welcome in more than a few places.

U.S. stepping a bit away from unabashed Zelaya support!

The Obama administration has backed away from its call to restore ousted Honduran President Manuel Zelaya to power and instead put the onus on him for taking "provocative actions" that polarized his country and led to his overthrow on June 28.

The new position was contained in a letter this week to Sen. Richard Lugar, R-Ind., that also rejected calls by some of Zelaya's backers to impose harsh economic sanctions against Honduras.

While condemning the coup, the letter pointedly failed to call for Zelaya's return. "Our policy and strategy for engagement is not based on supporting any particular politician or individual," said the letter to Lugar, the ranking Republican on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

The new U.S. position is likely to undercut diplomatic efforts to bring about Zelaya's return, analysts said.

It may in time help the administration win confirmation for three top State Department officials President Barack Obama has appointed to deal with the region. Senate Republicans have put their nominations on hold to protest U.S. policy in Honduras.

Some 1,000 pro-Zelaya demonstrators protested outside the U.S. Embassy in the capital, Tegucigalpa, Thursday after the State Department letter was made public in the Honduran media.

While condemning the overthrow of Zelaya and his pre-dawn expulsion, the Aug. 4 letter said that Zelaya, who's allied with Venezuelan leader Hugo Chavez, was largely to blame for his plight.

"We also recognize that President Zelaya's insistence on undertaking provocative actions contributed to the polarization of Honduran society and led to a confrontation that unleashed the events that led to his removal," said the letter, signed by Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs Richard Verma.

"I think this could open the door for an alternative option as president," said Jorge Yllesca, a political consultant based in Honduras, meaning that interim President Roberto Micheletti might try to end the political crisis by stepping aside, not for Zelaya but for the president of the Congress or the chief justice of the Supreme Court.

The crisis began when Zelaya insisted on staging a June 28 referendum on a constitutional change to allow him to seek re-election. Zelaya had only six more months in office before a non-Chavez ally was likely to take over as Honduras' next president.

Chavez and two of his South American allies, Bolivian President Evo Morales and Ecuadorean President Rafael Correa, have won public approval for new constitutions that are allowing them to extend their terms in office.

The Honduran Congress, the attorney general's office and the state prosecutor all advised Zelaya that Honduras' constitution didn't permit the referendum.

He went ahead anyway and was ousted.

U.S. Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, a conservative Republican from Florida, applauded the State Department letter.

"It seems that the U.S. is stepping a bit away from its unabashed support for Zelaya," Ros-Lehtinen said in a telephone interview.

She'd prefer that the Obama administration break ranks with the rest of Latin America and Europe and drop its support for Zelaya.

"To reinstate Zelaya to power would be the wrong message to send," Ros-Lehtinen said. "It would say you can violate the law, go against the Congress and get away with it, and the U.S. will stand with you."

Republican senators angered by the administration's Honduras policy put a hold on Obama's nomination of Arturo Valenzuela to be assistant secretary of state for Western Hemisphere affairs, along with two key ambassadorial nominees.

U.S. Decides Not to Impose Sanctions on Honduras!

The U.S., in an apparent softening of its support for ousted Honduran President Manuel Zelaya, won't impose economic sanctions on Honduras and has yet to decide whether Mr. Zelaya's removal from office constitutes a coup.

A letter from the State Department to Sen. Richard Lugar, the ranking Republican on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, states that the U.S. "energetically" opposes Mr. Zelaya's June 28 ouster. But the letter also expresses the harshest criticism yet of Mr. Zelaya's own actions that preceded his removal from office, including trying to change Honduras's constitution to potentially stay in power.

"We energetically condemn the actions of June 28. We also recognize that President Zelaya's insistence on undertaking provocative actions contributed to the polarization of Honduran society and led to a confrontation that unleashed the events that led to his removal," Richard Verma, the assistant secretary for legislative affairs, said in the letter, reviewed Tuesday by The Wall Street Journal.

The letter went on to say that U.S. policy wasn't aimed at supporting one person in particular, a reference to Mr. Zelaya, but to supporting the Honduran people's aspirations for democracy.

With Washington unwilling to take drastic steps such as sanctions to restore Mr. Zelaya to power, it seems increasingly unlikely that the leftist politician will return to his seat, analysts said. Honduras's interim government, backed by much of the country's establishment and middle class, appears unwilling to have Mr. Zelaya back, and Washington seems in no mood to force the issue.

"In Honduras, Washington's wavering will be seen as a sign that the government can wait it out until the elections and that the costs they are bearing for international isolation, while considerable, are preferable to the risks of allowing Zelaya to return, even for a limited time and with his authority curtailed," said Michael Shifter at the Inter-American Dialogue, a nonpartisan think tank on hemispheric affairs in Washington.

A State Department spokesman, who was unaware of the letter to Mr. Lugar's office, said "there has been no decision to soften the policy on Honduras." He added that the administration still supports a return of Mr. Zelaya to power, as called for in the mediation plan by Costa Rica's President Oscar Arias. The Supreme Court of Honduras has ruled that Mr. Zelaya's return as president would be illegal.

Analysts said the administration is staking out a middle ground, sending a message to Latin America that coups are unacceptable while not giving too much support to Mr. Zelaya, whose close relationship to Venezuela's populist leader Hugo Chávez has raised hackles among U.S. Republicans. Elected as a centrist, Mr. Zelaya took a sharp left turn in the past two years and became an outspoken critic of U.S. policy.

Sen. Lugar had asked the administration to explain its policy on the Honduran political crisis, warning that otherwise the Senate might delay confirmation of the top Latin America post in the State Department.

"I'm glad to see the State Department is finally beginning to walk back its support for Manuel Zelaya and admit that his 'provocative' actions were responsible for his removal," said Sen. Jim DeMint, another Republican member of the foreign relations committee.

A spokesman for Mr. DeMint said the move wasn't enough for the senator to lift his hold on the confirmation hearings for Arturo Valenzuela to become assistant secretary of state for Western Hemisphere affairs.

U.S. appears to soften support for Honduras's Zelaya

By Susan Cornwell

Photo

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. policy on Honduras' political crisis is not aimed at supporting any particular individual, the State Department said in a new letter that implied softening support for ousted President Manuel Zelaya.

The letter to Republican Senator Richard Lugar contained criticism of Zelaya, saying the left-leaning former leader had taken "provocative" actions ahead of his removal by the Honduran military on June 28.

The State Department also indicated severe U.S. economic sanctions were not being considered against the de facto government of Roberto Micheletti, which took over in Honduras after Zelaya removed from office.

"Our policy and strategy for engagement is not based on supporting any particular politician or individual. Rather, it is based on finding a resolution that best serves the Honduran people and their democratic aspirations," Richard Verma, the assistant secretary for legislative affairs, said in the letter.

"We have rejected calls for crippling economic sanctions and made clear that all states should seek to facilitate a solution without calls for violence and with respect for the principle of nonintervention," he said. The letter was dated Tuesday and obtained by Reuters on Wednesday.

President Barack Obama has condemned Zelaya's ouster, refused to recognize Micheletti, cut $16.5 million in military aid to Honduras and thrown his support behind the mediation efforts of Costa Rican President Oscar Arias, whose proposals include Zelaya's reinstatement.

Last week the U.S. government announced it was revoking diplomatic visas for several members of Micheletti's administration.

REPUBLICAN THREAT

But the State Department letter, while "energetically" condemning Zelaya's ouster on June 28, noted that the coup had been preceded by a political conflict between Zelaya and other institutions inside Honduras.

"We also recognize that President Zelaya's insistence on undertaking provocative actions contributed to the polarization of Honduran society and led to a confrontation that unleashed the events that led to his removal," it said.

Zelaya was pushing for constitutional reforms that included changing term limits for presidents. His opponents accused him of trying to seek re-election, but he denies the allegation.

The Supreme Court ordered his arrest and the Honduran Congress later approved his ouster.

In the letter to Lugar, the State Department also indicated the Obama administration has still not made a definite decision as to whether Zelaya's ouster constituted a coup.

"We have suspended certain assistance as a policy matter pending an ongoing determination under U.S. law about the applicability of the provisions requiring termination of assistance in the event of a military coup."

Lugar, the ranking Republican on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, had asked the government to explain its policy on the Honduran political crisis, warning that Senate confirmation may be delayed for a diplomatic nominee for Latin America without it.  Continued...